The Great Transformation The Dolomites are about 250 millions years old and are composed mainly of sedimentary rocks and ...

When you walk around on land, you are walking on top of Earth’s rocky crust. Below the crust is another thick layer of rock. These layers form Earth’s tectonic plates, and when those plates collide ...

Underwater volcanoes are powerful geological forces shaping our planet and oceans. These hidden giants form through tectonic ...

Some volcanoes perform a rather subtle trick: blowing rings of vapor that waft near their craters. The short-lived rings have been observed occasionally at volcanoes such as Etna in Italy and ...

The natural world has brewed up a spooky 'skull' in a deep volcanic pit in the Sahara Desert. From space, the sight really ...

Sapphires are among the most precious gems, yet they consist solely of chemically 'contaminated' aluminum oxide, or corundum. It is widely assumed that these crystals with their characteristically ...