King Henry VIII of England (1491–1547) remains one of history’s most famous monarchs, not only for his six marriages and his role in the English Reformation but also for his dramatic physical transformation over his lifetime. Early in his reign, Henry was celebrated for his athletic build and handsome appearance, but by the end of his life, he had become grossly obese and plagued by numerous health problems. His increasing waistline provides insight into his changing lifestyle, medical condition